The genome was completely sequenced and analyzed using various bioinformatics tools. vulnificus FORC_017, was isolated from a 63-year-old woman with the symptom of a hemorrhagic rash after consuming a raw dotted gizzard shad on Jeju Island. vulnificus in South Korea, a clinical strain, V. vulnificus need to be sequenced and analyzed. To extend our understanding of the pathogen’s further pathogenicity and virulence factors at the genomic level, more genomes of V. Genome information has revealed the presence of various virulence factors in the genomes, such as an extracellular hemolysin/cytolysin, iron uptake receptors, capsular polysaccharide related to antiphagocytosis, and secretion systems. vulnificus have had their whole genomes sequenced and analyzed to date (NCBI ). Although outbreaks of this pathogen have been reported for many years, only five strains of V. Therefore, virulence traits of this pathogen should be understood at the genomic level. vulnificus-contaminated seafood were hospitalized and 16 died, which suggests that this pathogen is widespread and highly virulent and causes food-borne outbreaks. In South Korea (2000–2011), 34 individuals who consumed V.

vulnificus-contaminated seafood causes clinical food-borne outbreaks. Vibrio vulnificus was detected in 66 of 68 oyster samples (97 %) and 27 of 30 clam samples (90 %) from Long Island Sound, California. Vibrio vulnificus has been frequently detected in sea water as well as various kinds of seafood. vulnificus is one of many pathogenic bacteria in the human gut microbiota. In addition, this pathogen in the human gut can cause life-threatening systemic septicemia with a mortality rate of 61 % when it crosses the intestinal mucosal barrier to enter the bloodstream, suggesting that V. Vibrio vulnificus infections in humans via either the consumption of contaminated seafood or contact of a wound with seawater generally cause mild gastroenteritis with diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The genome information of the FORC_017 provides novel insights into pathogenicity and virulence factors of V. Further comparative genome analysis revealed that FORC_017 and CMCP6 share major toxin genes including vvhA and rtx for pathogenesis activities. In addition, three complete secretion systems (Type I, II and VI) as well as iron uptake-related genes for virulence of the FORC_017 were detected, suggesting that this strain is pathogenic. Pathogenesis-associated genes including vvhA, rtx gene cluster, and various hemolysin genes were present in FORC_017. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) value of the FORC_017 and CMCP6 strains was 98.53, suggesting that they are closely related. The plasmid pFORC17 consists of 70,069-bp (GC content 43.77 %) containing 84 ORFs. Chromosome I consists of 3,253,417-bp (GC content 46.49 %) containing 2943 predicted open reading frames (ORFs) and chromosome II of 1,905,745-bp (GC content 46.90 %) containing 1638 ORFs. Three discontinuous contigs were generated from a hybrid assembly using Illumina MiSeq and PacBio platforms, revealing that the genome of the FORC_017 consists of two circular chromosomes and a plasmid. vulnificus FORC_017 isolated from a female patient experiencing a hemorrhagic rash was completely sequenced and analyzed. vulnificus at the genomic level, the genome of V. To extend our understanding of the pathogenesis of V. vulnificus has been known to be one of the major food-borne pathogens, pathogenicity and virulence factors are not fully understood yet. Vibrio vulnificus, a resident in the human gut, is frequently found in seafood, causing food-borne illnesses including gastroenteritis and severe septicemia.

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